Abstract Objective To compare the effect of catheter ablation and rate control strategy on heart failure (HF)of pa-tients with atrial fibril ation (AF). Methods 35 consecutive patients with AF and HF underwent catheter ablation(ablation group) and 35 similar patients received pharmacologic rate control and anticoagulation therapy (rate control group). Re-sults After a mean fol ow up of 24 ±12 months, sinus rhythm was seen in 57.14%(20 / 35) of the patients underwent catheter ablation. Compared with rate control group, ablation group had significantly less stroke events (2.86% vs. 20.00%, P<0.05), more significantly improved NYHA class (68.57% vs. 31.43%, P<0.01), decreased left atrial diameter (- 8±8mm vs. 9±12mm, P<0.01) and left ventricular end diastolic diameter (- 5±7mm vs. 0±7mm, P<0.01), and in-creased left ventricular ejection fraction (21%±12%vs. 10%±15%, P<0.01). There was no significant difference of car-diac death between ablation group (5.71%) and rate control group (8.57%)(P>0.05). Conclusion Rhythm control by catheter ablation is superior to pharmacologic rate control in improving heart function of patients with AF.
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